Table 1. Anthelmintics used for small ruminant gastrointestinal parasites that are currently available in the United States. | ||
Class of Compound | Compound | Trade Name |
phenothiazine | phenothiazine | various |
benzimidazole | thiabendazole* | TBZ |
Ominzole | ||
Thiabendazole | ||
mebendazole | Telmin | |
fenbendazole | Panacur | |
Safeguard | ||
oxfendazole | Benzelmin | |
oxibendazole | Anthelcide | |
albendazole | Valbazen | |
pro-benzimidazole | febantel | Rintel |
imidothiazole | levamisole* | Levasol |
Tramisole | ||
Ripercol | ||
tetrahydropyrimidine | morantel* | Rumital |
Rumatel | ||
Nematel | ||
organophosphate | haloxon | Loxon |
avermectin | ivermectin | Ivomec |
*Products approved for use in goats in the United States |
Table 2. Relative spectrum of anthelmintic activity | ||||
Anthelmintic | Haemonchus | Gastrointestinal Nematodes |
Tapeworms | Trade Name |
phenothiazine | + | - | various | |
thiabendazole* | + | ++++ | TBZ | |
Ominzole | ||||
Thiabendazole | ||||
mebendazole | ++ | ++++ | X | Telmin |
fenbendazole | ++ | ++++ | X | Panacur |
X | Safeguard | |||
oxfendazole | ++ | ++++ | X | Benzelmin |
oxibendazole | + | ++++ | Anthelcide | |
albendazole | ++++ | ++++ | X | Valbazen |
febantel | ++ | ++++ | Rintel | |
levamisole* | +++ | ++++ | Levasol | |
Tramisole | ||||
Ripercol | ||||
morantel* | +++ | ++++ | Rumital | |
Rumatel | ||||
Nematel | ||||
haloxon | Loxon | |||
ivermectin | ++++ | ++++ | Ivomec | |
*Products approved for use in goats in the United States |
Table 3. Drugs for Controlling Internal Parasites (Anthelmintics and Coccidiostats) Source: Goat Health Handbook by T.R. Thedford, DVM |
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Drug | Round-worms | Larvae | Whip-worms | Tape-worms | Lung-worms | Flukes | Coccidia | Precautions (always check label for withdrawal information.) |
*Albendazole | 5-10 mg/kg | 5-10 mg/kg | 10-20 mg/kg | Do not use 1st third of
pregnancy 75 mg/kg fatal. |
||||
*Oxfendazole | 5 mg/kg | 5 mg/kg | 5 mg/kg | 5 mg/kg | 5 mg/kg | Do not use in pregnant animals safe to triple dose otherwise. |
||
*Cambendazole | 10-15 mg/kg | 25 mg/kg | 20-25 mg/kg | 40 mg/kg | Do not use in 1st third of pregnancy. Do not overdose. | |||
*Fenbendazole | 5 mg/kg | 5 mg/kg | 5-10 mg/kg | 5-10 mg/kg | 5 mg/kg | 10 mg/kg or more | Safe in pregnant animals. | |
Thiabendazole | 44-66 mg/kg | Resistance common. Safe in pregnant animals. | ||||||
*Oxibendazole | 5-10 mg/kg | 5-10 mg/kg | Safe in pregnant animals. | |||||
Mebendazole | 13.5 mg/kg | 13.5 mg/kg | Safe in pregnant animals. | |||||
Levamisole | 8 mg/kg | 8 mg/kg | Do not overdose or use on milking goats. Safe in pregnant animals. | |||||
*Haloxon | 50 mg/kg | (no longer commonly available) | May cause posterior paralysis. | |||||
Phenothiazine | 12.5 g/ 11 to 27 kg 25 g over 27 kg |
Do not use last third of pregnancy--only fairly effective. Do not use on lactating does. Do not overdose or use on debilitated animals. | ||||||
*Morantel | 10 mg/kg | Safe in pregnant animals. | ||||||
*Amprolium | 50 mg/kg | Give for 5 days. Long term use may cause thiamine (B1) deficiency. | ||||||
50 mg/kg | One time drench. | |||||||
*Clursulon (curatrem) |
7mg/kg | 8-day withdrawal before slaughter. | ||||||
*Pyrantel | 25 mg/kg | Safe in pregnant animals. | ||||||
*Monensin | .75 g/44 kg (15 g/ton) | Fairly toxic. Feed throughout feeding period. | ||||||
Sulfa drugs (dimidine, guanidine, methazine, quinoxaline) | 200 mg/kg | Reduce dosage by 1/2 on subsequent days. Treat for 3-5 days. | ||||||
Lasalocid | 1 g/44 kg (20 g/ton) 4.5 g/44 kg (90 g/ton) |
In feed. In salt. |
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*Decoquinate | .5 mg/kg | In feed for 28 days. No withdrawl. | ||||||
*Avermectins | 200 ug/kg | 200 ug/kg | 200 ug/kg | 200 ug/kg | Also effective against external parasites such as sucking lice and all stages of nasal bots. Dosage in micrograms. 11-day withdrawl. | |||
Nitrofurazone | 7-10 mg/kg | Prescription drug. | ||||||
*Drugs not approved for sheep and goats in the U.S. May be used if a doctor, client, patient relationship exists. | ||||||||
a Note that all dosages are based on active ingredients. Dosages are per kilogram of body weight unless otherwise indicated. |
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